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  <title>草庵寺</title>
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<div style="width:0;height:0;clear:both"></div><dl class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-">
<dd class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title">
<h1>草庵寺</h1>
</dd>
</dl><div class="promotion-declaration">
</div><div class="lemma-summary" label-module="lemmaSummary">
<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵寺——我国唯一的摩尼光佛、摩尼教寺庙遗存，也是世界现存唯一摩尼教寺庙遗址。被列为全国重点文物保护单位，位于<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81">福建省</a><a target="_blank" href="/item/%E6%99%8B%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82">晋江市</a><a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%8D%8E%E8%A1%A8%E5%B1%B1/12889" data-lemmaid="12889">华表山</a>南麓。草庵始于<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%AE%8B/4762756" data-lemmaid="4762756">宋</a>绍兴年间，初为草筑故名。<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%85%83%E9%A1%BA%E5%B8%9D/963910" data-lemmaid="963910">元顺帝</a>至元五年（公元1339年）改为石构歇山式建筑。草庵为我国研究世宗教史和农民起义活动以及中国与波斯古代海上交通极为珍贵之实物依据。</div>
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<dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-left">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">中文名</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
草庵寺
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">始建年代</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
宋代
</dd>
</dl><dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-right">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">地理位置</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81">福建省</a><a target="_blank" href="/item/%E6%99%8B%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82">晋江市</a><a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%8D%8E%E8%A1%A8%E5%B1%B1/12889" data-lemmaid="12889">华表山</a>南麓
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">荣&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;誉</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D">全国重点文物保护单位</a>
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">地&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;位</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
我国仅存的摩尼光佛、摩尼教寺庙
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="lemmaWgt-lemmaCatalog">
<div class="lemma-catalog">
<h2 class="block-title">目录</h2>
<div class="catalog-list column-3">
<ol>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">1</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#1">草庵简介</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">2</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#2">摩尼佛像</a></span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level1">
<span class="index">3</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#3">草庵考证</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">4</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#4">草庵史料</a></span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level1">
<span class="index">5</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#5">草庵遗址</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">6</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#6">草庵典故</a></span>
</li>
</ol>

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</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a name="1" class="lemma-anchor para-title"></a>
<a name="sub4461701_1" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
<a name="草庵简介" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>草庵简介</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="1" href="javascript:;" style="display: block;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">晋江市罗山街道苏内社区，<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" href="/pic/%E8%8D%89%E5%BA%B5%E5%AF%BA/4311244/0/f3d3572c11dfa9ecc307b7586ed0f703918fc150?fr=lemma&amp;ct=single" target="_blank" title="草庵寺" style="width:220px;height:149px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=be227bbc75310a55c024d9f687444387/f3d3572c11dfa9ecc307b7586ed0f703918fc150.jpg" alt="草庵寺" style="width:220px;height:149px;">
</a>
<span class="description">
草庵寺
</span>
</div>有一座万山峰，又名万石山、华表山，山南麓草庵寺为我国仅存完整的摩尼教遗址。明代晋江人何乔远《闽书·方域志》云：华表山“两峰角立如华表，山背之麓有草庵，元时物也，祀摩尼佛。”因古用草构屋，故曰草庵。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵依山崖而建，为石构单檐歇山式建筑，四架椽，面阔三开间，间宽1·67米，进深二间3．04米，屋檐下用横梁单排荜拱承托屋盖，简单古朴。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="2" class="lemma-anchor para-title"></a>
<a name="sub4461701_2" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
<a name="摩尼佛像" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>摩尼佛像</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="2" href="javascript:;" style="display: block;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">《晋江县志》载：“华表山在五都，距城南四十里，双峰角立如华表，然麓有草庵，元时建祀摩尼佛。”庵内依山石刻一圆形浅龛，直径1.68米，圆龛内雕刻一尊摩尼光佛，跌坐在莲花坛上<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:150px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" href="/pic/%E8%8D%89%E5%BA%B5%E5%AF%BA/4311244/0/08b68e5210cdd3490df3e31c?fr=lemma&amp;ct=single" target="_blank" title="草庵寺佛像" style="width:150px;height:133px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss0.bdstatic.com/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=7fd90e8479310a55c024d9f687444387/f3d3572c11dfa9ec02fcc26062d0f703908fc1f3.jpg" alt="草庵寺佛像" style="width:150px;height:133px;">
</a>
<span class="description">
草庵寺佛像
</span>
</div>，坐像身长1．52米，宽0.83米，头部长0.32米，宽0.25米，奇妙的是佛像面部呈淡青色，手显粉红色，服饰为灰白色，是利用岩石中不同的天然三色精巧构设。摩尼佛像头部比较特别， 呈现辉绿岩（青斗石）颜色，背有毫光射纹饰，呈现花岗岩石质，散发披肩，面相圆润，眉弯隆起，嘴唇稍薄，嘴角两线深显，下颚圆突。身着宽袖僧衣，胸襟打结带，无扣，结带用圆饰套束蝴蝶形，而向两侧下垂于脚部，双手相叠，手心向上，置于膝上，神态庄严慈善，衣褶简朴流畅，用对称的纹饰表现时代风格。这是目前世界仅存的一尊摩尼教石雕佛像，列为<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D">全国重点文物保护单位</a>。此像被1987年8月在<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8">瑞典</a>召开的国际研究摩尼教的会议选为<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E4%BC%9A%E5%BE%BD">会徽</a>。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="1" data-ctrmap=":1,">
[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_4461701">&nbsp;</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在佛龛的左上角阴刻一段文字：“谢店市信士陈真泽立寺，喜舍本师圣像，祈荐考妣早生佛地者。至元五年戌月日记”。五行楷书，34字，字径2. 5X2．5厘米。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在右上角还有阴刻比较粗糙的文字“兴化路罗山境姚兴祖，奉舍石室一完。祈荐先君正卿姚汝坚三十三宴，妣郭氏五九太孺，继母黄十三娘，先兄姚月涧，四学世生界者。”</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">这些文字价值性很高，是目前世界唯一摩尼光佛造像和庵寺建筑年代可借的文字佐证，非常可贵，同时也是研究泉州明教的一手历史材料。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="3" class="lemma-anchor para-title"></a>
<a name="sub4461701_3" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
<a name="草庵考证" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>草庵考证</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="3" href="javascript:;" style="display: block;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">在草庵遗址前端的20米处，曾经出土一块元代完整的黑釉碗和60多件残瓷片。这件完整的黑釉碗，口径18．5厘米，高6．5厘米，碗内底部在烧制时便刻有“明教会”三字，字径6．5厘米左右，其他残瓷片同样分别刻<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:200px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" href="/pic/%E8%8D%89%E5%BA%B5%E5%AF%BA/4311244/0/5beeba0f770a5aaaaa64571d?fr=lemma&amp;ct=single" target="_blank" title="草庵寺前门" style="width:200px;height:136px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=bcfbb89fbc3eb13540c7b0b9961fa8cb/38dbb6fd5266d01635d50a5f972bd40734fa35fc.jpg" alt="草庵寺前门" style="width:200px;height:136px;">
</a>
<span class="description">
草庵寺前门
</span>
</div>有“明”“教”“会”三个字样，这是当时泉州明教会活动情况的重要发现。宋末元初时烧制这种黑釉碗，在晋江磁灶为数较多，泉州市区近郊也有同类型的发现，说明罗山草庵摩尼教遗址的文字记载与黑釉“明教会”的瓷碗相印证。泉州的摩尼教活动于元代是比较公开的。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">明朝太祖<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B/25626" data-lemmaid="25626">朱元璋</a>依靠明教夺取政权，并采用明教的“明”定国号，但是又担心明教威胁他的统治，即所谓“又嫌其教门上逼国号，寅其徒，毁其宫”。所以明初盛极一时的明教又转入秘密活动，融合于道、佛教的民间崇拜。但仍于明正统年刻摩尼教的教义信条(称“四位一体”)于庵前右边20多米处的摩崖上：劝念 清净光明，大力智慧。 无上至真，摩尼光佛。<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:167px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" href="/pic/%E8%8D%89%E5%BA%B5%E5%AF%BA/4311244/0/4e83cb6254c1449ae6113a19?fr=lemma&amp;ct=single" target="_blank" title="" style="width:167px;height:131px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=dd07768d7bcb0a4681228c3b5b62f63e/b3b7d0a20cf431ad1a1bd74e4b36acaf2fdd98f8.jpg" alt="" style="width:167px;height:131px;">
</a>
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<a name="草庵史料" class="lemma-anchor "></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>草庵史料</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="4" href="javascript:;" style="display: block;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">据史料记载，摩尼教在我国旧称“明教”，公元三世纪波斯人摩尼所创始，其教义是杂揉佛教、基督教、祆教而成，崇拜光明，提倡清净，反对黑暗和压迫。 唐武后延载元年(公元694年)传入中国。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">到明初，朱元璋嫌其教名上逼国号，遂驱逐信徒、毁坏寺院，摩尼教逐渐被其他宗教所融合。泉州草庵摩尼教寺成为仅存的珍贵史迹。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">80年代初，此地曾发掘出宋代明教会的瓷碗，证实宋时泉州摩尼教已十分活跃。现代遗址为元代建筑物，据考古发现，宋代摩尼教已在这里活动。明代禁绝，此处乡民仍以佛教崇拜，保存完整。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1987年8月，瑞典隆德大学召开首届国际摩尼教学术讨论会，草庵摩尼佛造像作为讨论会的纪念性吉祥物。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1991年2月，联合国教科文组织的“海上丝绸之路”综合考察团参观草庵后，认为它是这次考察活动的“最大发现”。这为后来泉州申报“海上丝绸之路”起点提供有力的实证。<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
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<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=952bc4d738dbb6fd215be2243925aba6/a8773912b31bb0513ce8c304377adab44bede0ca.jpg" alt="草庵寺" style="width:220px;height:121px;">
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草庵寺
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<div class="para" label-module="para">1996年被国家列为全国重点文物保护单位。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1998年日本“海上丝绸之路”考察团也来到草庵考察，专家学者认为，摩尼光佛是世界上惟一的保存最好的摩尼教遗迹。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2011年8月，市政府投入巨资兴建草庵摩尼教遗址公园，未来的草庵公园，包括草庵宗教游览区、书院文化游览区、古寨文化山林区和田园生活休闲区等，致力将草庵景区规划成集休闲、旅游的著名景区，将草庵建设为“3A级”旅游景点,并将其打造为“爱国教育基地”，成为晋江市一张“闪亮的名片”。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>草庵遗址</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵寺前下坡地为明代<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E9%BE%99%E6%B3%89%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2">龙泉书院</a>，今已在旧址上建佛寺大华岩，寺前有古桧两棵。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵寺原西侧丛岩高处崖刻摩尼教咒语：“劝念清净光明，大力智慧，无上至真，摩尼光佛”，可惜因开山取石已不存在，毁于“<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD">文化大革命</a>”期间。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“万古峰中，月色泉声千古趣;八方池里，天光云彩四时春”(草庵寺联文)。草庵西北原有万石峰、龙泉岩、玉泉、云梯百级，南面有隐居桥、八凤池、六角井、憩亭等胜景，因年代久远今已湮没。弘一法师曾住草庵意空楼3个多月，作《重兴草庵碑记》，并撰书楹联：“石壁光明，相传为文佛现影;史乘记载，于此有名贤读书。”“草积不除，便觉眼前生意满;庵门常掩，毋忘世上苦人多。”</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵寺后山上原有“万石峰”“玉泉”、“云梯百级”等摩崖石刻。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">草庵寺前有“隐居桥”、“八凤池”、“千年古桧”等处处佳秀;草庵寺后有“万石峰”、““龙泉岩”、“玉泉”等景景奇幽。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="2" data-ctrmap=":2,">
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">草庵寺</span>草庵典故</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">明万历年间（公元1573－1620年）泉州还有两位著名诗人游览草庵题诗于此。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">一是<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E9%BB%84%E5%85%8B%E6%99%A6">黄克晦</a>《万石峰草庵得家字》：“结伴遥寻太乙家，峨峨万石映孤霞。坐中峰势天西侧，衣上梦阴日半斜。风榭无人飘翠瓦，云岩有水浸苔花。何年更驻苏杭鹤，静闭闲房共转砂。”。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">黄克晦（1524一1590），号吾野，<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E6%83%A0%E5%AE%89">惠安</a>崇武人，能诗善书画，著有《吾野诗集》。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">一是<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E9%BB%84%E5%87%A4%E7%BF%94">黄凤翔</a>《秋访草庵》：“琳宫秋日共跌登，木落山空爽气澄。细草久湮仙峡路，斜晖暂作佛坛灯。竹边泉脉邻丹灶，沿里云根蔓绿藤。飘瓦颓垣君莫问，萧然一榻便崚嶒。”</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">黄凤翔（1538－1614），号仪庭、止庵。泉州市区人，名士名宦。两位诗人都把草庵当作道教宫庵看待，故其诗中有“太乙仙人”和“丹灶”的词句。<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
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草庵寺
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<div class="para" label-module="para">据《泉州人名録·<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E5%BC%98%E4%B8%80%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%88">弘一法师</a>》中记载，嘉靖(1522年~1566年)初，泉州有18位士子在草庵“<a target="_blank" href="/item/%E9%BE%99%E6%B3%89%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2">龙泉书院</a>”读书，常见此地显现佛的形象，说是文殊菩萨的显影，因此在摩尼光佛坐像两侧有弘一法师手书木刻对联“石壁光明相传为文佛显影”，“史乘记载于此有名贤读书”。原来庵前还有一座佛教寺，已废，近年又重建，焕然一新。花木、果树相映，风景十分优美清净，为一番别致景色。 <sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="3" data-ctrmap=":3,">
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